Fear is a natural defense mechanism that humans developed over millions of years to stay safe. Amy, from the Australian National University, explains that fear acts like an internal alarm system, preparing our bodies for potential danger. This mechanism evolved during times when humans needed to react quickly to threats , like encountering a lion in the wild. Fear activates the brain to release adrenaline, which triggers the fight-or-flight response. Interestingly , fear isn’t just instinctive—it can also be learned. For example, a negative experience, like a dog bite, may make someone afraid of dogs. Fear can also arise from "observational learning," where we observe others’ fearful experiences, whether in real life or on screen. While fear often protects us, it can sometimes be irrational. For instance, darkness or uncertainty can evoke fear because they make situations harder to predict. Despite this, many people enjoy fear in controlled settings, like watching scary movies. In these cases, the adrenaline rush combines with a sense of safety , creating excitement rather than terror .
Vocabulary :
• adrenaline (noun): A hormone that prepares the body to act quickly in danger.
• alarm system (noun): A system that warns of danger or problems.
• instinct (noun): A natural reaction or behavior not learned.
• observational learning (noun): Learning by watching others’ experiences.
• flee (verb): To run away from danger.
• uncertainty (noun): Feeling unsure or not knowing what will happen.
• thrilling (adj): Very exciting, often in a scary way.
• protective (adj): Helping to keep someone or something safe.
• scary (adj): Something that causes fear or makes you feel afraid.
• scare (noun/verb): A sudden feeling of fear or to cause someone to feel fear.
• spooky (adj): Something strange or scary, often related to ghosts or the unknown.
• fear (noun/verb): A strong feeling of being afraid or to feel scared about something.
• threat (noun): A danger or something that could cause harm.