Reading is not a natural ability of the human brain. While we are born with circuits that allow us to see and produce sounds, the brain does not automatically know how to read. To develop reading skills, the brain reuses areas dedicated to vision, hearing, language, attention, and emotions. Writing systems, such as Sumerian cuneiform and Egyptian hieroglyphics, evolved over thousands of years into modern letters and characters. Reading is a full brain activity involving all four lobes of the cortex, changing brain structure, activity, and connectivity. Different languages shape the brain differently: for example, learning Chinese activates areas related to visual memory, while English activates phonetic processing. Reading also affects our body and emotions, allowing empathy and physical reactions to stories. Modern technology influences reading habits; devices like phones promote skimming, distraction, and sometimes misinformation. Studies suggest excessive screen time in children can negatively affect attention, executive function, and school performance. However, monitored educational use can be beneficial. The solution is immersion in reading: children should be encouraged to read, and adults should model reading behavior. Deep reading changes the brain, fosters critical thinking, and shapes empathy. It is essential for personal development and for creating a more thoughtful and informed society. Reading deeply connects minds, hearts, and communities, supporting not only individual growth but also collective progress.
Vocabulary:
• circuit (noun): a path for electricity or information in the brain.
• innately (adv): naturally, from birth.
• co-opt (verb): to use something for a new purpose.
• hieroglyphic (noun): a symbol used in ancient Egyptian writing.
• logographic (adj): a writing system where symbols represent ideas or objects.
• proficiency (noun): skill or ability in something.
• empathic (adj): able to understand and share feelings of others.
• gastromotoric (adj): related to movements of the stomach or digestion.
• distracted (adj): unable to focus because of interruptions.
• immersed (adj): fully involved or absorbed in an activity.
Source: BBC Global