A microchip looks very small, but inside it is extremely complex. At a nanoscale level, it contains billions of transistors, connected by tiny wires. These transistors work like switches and allow computers to process information using ones and zeros. For many years, engineers followed a clear pattern: making transistors smaller made computers faster and more powerful. This idea became known as Moore’s Law. Every two years, the number of transistors on a chip doubled.
Around 2015, this progress suddenly stopped. Many experts believed technology had reached its limits. But one company created an incredibly precise machine that changed everything. The machine uses powerful lasers to hit tiny droplets of molten tin thousands of times per second.
Thanks to extreme precision, the machine can place chip layers almost perfectly. This allowed Moore’s Law to continue and modern technology to keep advancing.
Vocabulary :
• microchip (noun): a very small electronic component used in computers
• nanoscale (adjective): extremely small, at the level of atoms
• transistor (noun): a tiny switch that controls electric signals
• pattern (noun): something that repeats in a regular way
• halt (noun / verb): a stop or to stop suddenly
• laser (noun): a very strong, precise beam of light
• droplet (noun): a very small drop of liquid
• precise (adjective): very exact and accurate